Classification of matter
Elements
Elements are pure substances that can be broken
down into other substances with simplicity of an ordinary chemical reaction.
Writing element emblem follow the rules as follows:
1.Coat of
elements taken from the abbreviation for the element. Some of the element
symbol is derived from Latin or Greek name of the element. For example Fe on
word Ferrum (Latin) as a symbol of the element iron.
2.Element emblem
is written with a capital letter.
3.For more
element symbolized by the letter, the first letter symbol written in capital
letters and letter / third lowercase.
4.The elements
that have the same name with the first letter of the first letter of the
element symbol is taken from the first letters of the element and the second
letter is taken from the other letters contained in the name of the element.
For example, Ra to Rn for the radium and radon.
To be able to easily learn and observe an element,
made a table called the periodic table of elements. The periodic table is a
table that describes the elements that exist in a chemical made in the form of
a table. These elements are arranged by electron structure of chemical elements
that are changing uniformly along the table. Each element was requested by its
atomic number and chemical symbol. In the periodic table of elements, the
elements are grouped into categories and periods based on common traits. Group in
the periodic table are arranged vertically (from top to bottom), while the
period of the elements arranged horizontally (from left to right).
At room temperature (25 C) elements can be either
Solids, Liquids, and Gases, generally elements are divided into two groups:
·
Metal element: general metal elements given the name suffix ium. These
metals generally have a high boiling point, shiny, can be bent and can conduct
heat or electrical current.
·
Non Metallic Elements: generally has a low boiling point, not shiny,
sometimes brittle can not be bent and difficult to conduct heat or electrical
current.
Elements are
made up of atoms, the smallest particle that has any of the
properties of the element.John Dalton, in 1803, proposed a modern theory of the
atom based on the following assumptions.
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1. Matter
is made up of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible.
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2. All
atoms of an element are identical.
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3. Atoms
of different elements have different weights and different chemical
properties.
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4. Atoms
of different elements combine in simple whole numbers to form compounds.
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5. Atoms
cannot be created or destroyed. When a compound decomposes, the atoms are
recovered unchanged.
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Compound
The compound
is a substance formed from the merger of the elements with a specific division.
The
compound resulting from a chemical reaction between two or more elements
through the formation reaction. For
example, rust iron (hematite) in the form of Fe2O3 produced by the reaction of
iron (Fe) and oxygen (O). The
compound can be decomposed into constituent elements through the decomposition
reaction.
The compound has a different nature with its constituent elements. The only compound DAPT decomposed into constituent elements through a chemical reaction. At the same conditions, the compound may have a form different from its constituent elements. Physical and chemical properties of different compounds with the constituent elements. For example, the reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water compound in liquid form.
Traits - traits Compounds:
1. A single substance
2. formed of two or more elements of different types with a certain ratio and fixed
3. properties of different compounds with nature - the nature of the constituent elements
4. the compounds can be decomposed into the elements - elements by chemical means
The compound has a different nature with its constituent elements. The only compound DAPT decomposed into constituent elements through a chemical reaction. At the same conditions, the compound may have a form different from its constituent elements. Physical and chemical properties of different compounds with the constituent elements. For example, the reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water compound in liquid form.
Traits - traits Compounds:
1. A single substance
2. formed of two or more elements of different types with a certain ratio and fixed
3. properties of different compounds with nature - the nature of the constituent elements
4. the compounds can be decomposed into the elements - elements by chemical means
The
properties of compounds:
a. Compounds that can be formed if through a process of chemical reaction
b. Constituent components contained in a compound must have a certain ratio that its course was fixed.
c. The compound was not going to be separated by their constituent components back through physical reaction.
d. Compounds that can be categorized as a single agent compound.
e. Have certain properties that are different from the elements pembentuknya.perbandingan two hydrogens and one oxygen.
a. Compounds that can be formed if through a process of chemical reaction
b. Constituent components contained in a compound must have a certain ratio that its course was fixed.
c. The compound was not going to be separated by their constituent components back through physical reaction.
d. Compounds that can be categorized as a single agent compound.
e. Have certain properties that are different from the elements pembentuknya.perbandingan two hydrogens and one oxygen.
Naming the
compound
a. Compound composed of metal and non-metal elements
Name a metal element into the front or the name may be said to be a non-metallic element first and last name.
b. Compounds comprising only non-metal elements
Compound consisting of two non-metallic elements, the last name would have given the suffix / cta.
If there is a partner in an element that unites more than one, then the naming of compounds They are distinguished by mentioning their index, which is expressed in the Greek language as follows.
a. Compound composed of metal and non-metal elements
Name a metal element into the front or the name may be said to be a non-metallic element first and last name.
b. Compounds comprising only non-metal elements
Compound consisting of two non-metallic elements, the last name would have given the suffix / cta.
If there is a partner in an element that unites more than one, then the naming of compounds They are distinguished by mentioning their index, which is expressed in the Greek language as follows.
1 = mono 6 =
heksa
2 = di 7 = hepta
3 = tri 8 = okta
4 = tetra 9 = nona
5 = penta 10 = deka
2 = di 7 = hepta
3 = tri 8 = okta
4 = tetra 9 = nona
5 = penta 10 = deka
Example:
CO = Carbon monoxide CO2 = Carbon dioxide
CO = Carbon monoxide CO2 = Carbon dioxide
c. Compound consisting of hydrogen and non-metallic elements
There are two rules in granting the naming of compounds, composed of hydrogen and non-metallic elements, namely:
1) The word of hydrogen that can be used as a first name and the name of non-metals as a last name with the suffix said Ida.
Examples such as HF = Hydrogen fluoride
2) Using the acid as the first name and the name of non-metals
as a last name plus the suffix ida
Examples such as HF = hydrofluoric acid
d. The compound comprising metal elements, oxygen and hydrogen elements
if in an oxygen element is the second element that was followed by the naming of a compound of hydrogen element can use a metal element name as a first name. Said hydroxide which is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen element name, as his last name.
Example: NaOH: Sodium hydroxide KOH: potassium hydroxide
There are two rules in granting the naming of compounds, composed of hydrogen and non-metallic elements, namely:
1) The word of hydrogen that can be used as a first name and the name of non-metals as a last name with the suffix said Ida.
Examples such as HF = Hydrogen fluoride
2) Using the acid as the first name and the name of non-metals
as a last name plus the suffix ida
Examples such as HF = hydrofluoric acid
d. The compound comprising metal elements, oxygen and hydrogen elements
if in an oxygen element is the second element that was followed by the naming of a compound of hydrogen element can use a metal element name as a first name. Said hydroxide which is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen element name, as his last name.
Example: NaOH: Sodium hydroxide KOH: potassium hydroxide
Mixture
The mixture
is a combination of two or more substances were the result of its merger still
has the same properties as the original substance. For
example, a mixture of water and sugar to produce a liquid that taste sweet.
The mixture can be combined elements, compounds, or both. Homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition and form. For example, sugar and coconut water. Instead heterogeneous mixture has a composition that is not uniform. For example, a mixture of water and sand. The mixture can dipisahikan into constituent substances based on differences in the nature of its constituent substances, for example by filtration.
Writing element made easy with the element symbol. How to simplify the writing of the composition of the compound? You do this by using a chemical formula, which combines elements corresponding symbol elements that make up the compound. For example, the symbol of the elements sodium is Na and emblem containing chlorine is Cl. If sodium is reacted with chlorine will produce sodium chloride compound with the chemical formula NaCl. The common name is the NaCl salt.
The mixture can be combined elements, compounds, or both. Homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition and form. For example, sugar and coconut water. Instead heterogeneous mixture has a composition that is not uniform. For example, a mixture of water and sand. The mixture can dipisahikan into constituent substances based on differences in the nature of its constituent substances, for example by filtration.
Writing element made easy with the element symbol. How to simplify the writing of the composition of the compound? You do this by using a chemical formula, which combines elements corresponding symbol elements that make up the compound. For example, the symbol of the elements sodium is Na and emblem containing chlorine is Cl. If sodium is reacted with chlorine will produce sodium chloride compound with the chemical formula NaCl. The common name is the NaCl salt.
Hi dina
BalasHapusDoes that cause a substance can be dissolved in a homogeneous mixture? may try to exemplify and explain?
Thank You
Hi ojan
HapusHomogenous mixture is a mixture in which there are the composition and properties of the same substance. Examples such as the air, the air is a collection of substances that have a homogeneous gas properties. One teaspoon of salt is incorporated into the glass of water. Which then stir until evenly distributed, this can also be called a homogeneous mixture.
Another case if the input is a scoop of sand into the water it will form a mixture, but it is not included in the homogeneous mixture reasons because it can not converge. The word comes from the Latin homogeneous states "the same kind". Examples of homogeneous substances such as pure silicon, water, or salt.
please describe the specific characteristics of the
BalasHapuscompound.
The compound is a combination of two or more elements through a chemical reaction so that a new substance that has different properties from the elements penyusunya. The compounds can be found easily in our daily lives, for example, only one of the compounds most frequently encountered are water (H2O), which is a combination of elements of Hydrogen and Oxygen. The characteristics of the compounds are as follows:
HapusThe characteristics of compound:
* Composed of two or more elements by chemical reaction
* The compound has different properties from their constituent elements
* Can be decomposed into constituent elements only by ordinary chemical reaction
* Comparison of the mass of constituent elements always remain.
* Can be described chemically, but not physically.
Compounds nature:
The compound nature is very different from the nature of its constituent elements. An example is water (H2O), which is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. As we know that hydrogen is a gas that is very lightweight and very easy to burn, while Oxygen is a gas that is useful for combustion. Where appropriate to the nature of penyusunya element of water will have a burning properties. However, what happens is that water has the property to extinguish the fire and not burn.
hi dina, Why VII A group elements referred to by halogen! Explain?
BalasHapusHi melly
HapusHalogen group called because the elements contained in VIIa group can react with the metal and form a salt, and is highly reactive, meaning tends to absorb the electrons form a negatively charged ion.
What the example found in nature of a mixture?? Why you call that is nature of a mixture??
BalasHapusThe mixture is a collection of a substance composed of two or more compounds substance merge into one without any fixed composition, with no penguranga original properties of substances tersebutnya.
HapusProperties of the substance mixture is:
Is a collection of two types of single substances or more.
The mixture is not fixed.
Still have a kind nature of the original substance.
This mixture of two or more kinds of substances constituent particles can still be distinguished from each other is called a heterogeneous mixture. Examples of heterogeneous mix: land, river water, food, beverage, sea water, dough, dough cast concrete, etc. In a heterogeneous mixture of substances between the barrier wall can still be seen, for example, a mixture of water and oil, a mixture of iron and sand, a mixture of iron powder and water, etc.
BalasHapusdo you think how different homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?
Homogeneous mix:
Hapus1. Each section of the homogenous mixture is homogeneous (color, taste, and the comparison substances mixed together).
2. Example: A spoonful of sugar dissolved in a glass of water.
Heterogeneous mixture:
1. any part of a heterogeneous mix is not the same (not the same color, mixed substances and their concentration ratio).
2. Example: Sand dissolved in water.
what is the relationship between atoms, elements, compounds, and mixtures ? explain completely and example!
BalasHapusThe element is a particle or an element molecule. Elements of the particles are atoms, meaning they can stand alone or contain only one atom, the writing is written with elemental symbols, eg C (carbon), He (Helium). If the particle is a molecule then it means that the element is formed from a combination of atoms of the same type, it can not stand alone, the elements are written with the elemental symbols accompanied by the number of the infecting atoms. For example: O2, H2. Hence the oxygen element is never written only the letter O, but rather the number 2 as the meaning that this element is formed from 2 oxygen atoms.
HapusPlease explanation the properties of the colloidal and give an example
BalasHapus1. Tyndall Effect and Brownian Motion
HapusThe Tyndall effect is a light scattering event by colloidal particles.
Examples of Tyndall's effects in everyday life are as follows:
The occurrence of blue in the sky in the afternoon and orange in the afternoon.
Highlight a car's headlight or flashlight in the foggy air.
Sunlight through the crevices of the leaves in the misty morning.
Brownian motion is the random motion of colloidal particles in the dispersing medium.
2. Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis is the movement of keloid particles in the electric field.
Example:
Utilization of electrophoresis properties contained in the factory dust filtration process.
3. Adsorption
Adsorption is the process of absorption of a substance on the surface of another substance.
Examples of processes that utilize the adsorption properties are:
Healing stomach pain caused by pathogenic bacteria with norit,
Water digestion with alum,
Wool fiber immersion in the staining process,
Purifying sugarcane on sugar making.
4. Coagulation
Coagulation or clumping is the event of precipitation of colloidal particles so that the dispersed phase is separated from the dispersing medium.
Examples of processes that utilize coagulation properties are:
Rubber processing of latex,
Purifying water,
Establishment of delta at estuary,
Dust-clotting process or factory principle,
The process of neutralizing the albuminoid particles in the blood by Fe3 + or Al3 + ions.
5. Colloid Protector
Colloid protector is a colloid that can protect other colloids to avoid coagulation.
Examples of protective colloidal properties are utilized in the process:
The addition of casein to milk,
The addition of lecithin to margarine,
The addition of gelatin to ice cream,
Adding silicone oil to the paint.
6. Dialysis
Dialysis is a way of reducing colloidal ions in colloids using a semipermeable membrane.
Examples of the nature of dialysis are utilized for
Separating cyanide ions from tapioca starch
The process of dialysis.
Can you give me another exsample of compound?
BalasHapusExamples of Compounds:
Hapus1. Water - Formula: H2O = Hydrogen2 + Oxygen
Two atoms of the element Hydrogen combine with one atom of Oxygen through a covalent bond to form water. Hydrogen has a slightly positive charge and oxygen has a negative charge, and therefore it forms a polar molecule. Water can be split back into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis.
2. Hydrogen Peroxide - Formula: H2O2 = Hydrogen2 + Oxygen2
Hydrogen peroxide is formed when two atoms of hydrogen form a bond with two atoms of oxygen that have bonded to each other. Although it has only one more oxygen atom than is present in a molecule of water (H2O), its properties are very different.
3. Salt - Formula: NaCl = Sodium + Chlorine
In salt, one atom of sodium bonds to one atom of chlorine to produce the resulting ionic compound sodium chloride. Salt is quite easily produced for commercial uses by simply evaporating seawater, although it can be mined from the ground as well. Sodium chloride can be separated into its different atoms through electrolysis.
4. Baking Soda - Formula: NaHCO3 = Sodium + Hydrogen + Carbon + Oxygen3
Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) can be produced from the reaction of carbon dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, which creates sodium carbonate; it is then combined with carbon dioxide molecules to produce sodium bicarbonate. It is found naturally in hot springs and other places on earth, but is commercially produced for industrial uses.
5. Octane - Formula: C8H18 = Carbon8 + Hydrogen18
Octane is a hydrocarbon whose actual formula is CH3(CH2)6CH3. It's a low-molecular weight compound, which means its highly volatile and flammable, making it ideally suited for the production of gasoline.
hey dina!!! please explain the specific grouping element...
BalasHapusElements are pure substances that can be broken down into other substances with simplicity of an ordinary chemical reaction. Writing element emblem follow the rules as follows:
Hapus1.Coat of elements taken from the abbreviation for the element. Some of the element symbol is derived from Latin or Greek name of the element. For example Fe on word Ferrum (Latin) as a symbol of the element iron.
2.Element emblem is written with a capital letter.
3.For more element symbolized by the letter, the first letter symbol written in capital letters and letter / third lowercase.
4.The elements that have the same name with the first letter of the first letter of the element symbol is taken from the first letters of the element and the second letter is taken from the other letters contained in the name of the element. For example, Ra to Rn for the radium and radon.